Many countries are quasi-theocracies but claim not to be
There are theocracies around the world, but many do not acknowledge that they are theocracies.
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The Argument
Of the relatively few that exist today, Islamic theocracies often receive the most attention in Western culture. These include Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Afghanistan and Iran. Iran has been described as a "theocratic republic," and its constitution has been described as a "hybrid" of theocratic and democratic elements. However, other theocracies also exist. Vatican City is ruled by the Pope (who Catholics believe is a direct descendant of Saint Peter) and Mount Athos in Greece is under the direct jurisdiction the Eastern Orthodox church. The state of Israel is a theocracy and they believe they are the chosen nation of the Living God. [1] [2]
The Puritans who colonised the USA had a theocracy for many years with religion playing a central part in their lives.[3] Despite this, the US prides itself on its enshrinement of the separation of church and state. The First Amendment of the US Constitution, ratified in 1791, prevents the implementation of religiously motivated legislation and protects freedom of religion.[4] However, there is abundant evidence to suggest the presence of an American theocracy that violates the First Amendment of the US constitution and fails to separate church and state.[5][6]
Western society is judgemental against Middle Eastern theocracies, but Iran, for example, has not demonstrated any great deal of arbitrary rule, persecution, or tendencies to declare war or threats of massacres against other countries. This sits in stark contrast to many Western governments.[7] On women’s rights, the US still ranks 75th out of 193 countries on women's representation in government, with no female president in contrast to Pakistan, Bangladesh, Turkey, Senegal, Indonesia, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, and Mali who have all had female heads of state.[5]
Counter arguments
Premises
[P1] Theocracies exist around the world in many different forms.
Rejecting the premises
Further Reading
Megoran N. 2009. Theocracy. In Kitchin R, Thrift N (eds) International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, Volume 11, pp. 223–228. Oxford: Elsevier.
Omid , H. (1992( Theocracy or Democracy? The Critics of 'Westoxification' and the Politics of Fundamentalism in Iran. Third World Quarterly, 13 (4), 675-690
Pew Research Center (2012). Lobbying for the Faithful. https://www.pewforum.org/2011/11/21/lobbying-for-the-faithful-exec/
References
- https://connectusfund.org/6-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-theocracy
- https://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/nick.megoran/pdf/theocracy.pdf
- http://www.ibiblio.org/byers/wq/theocracy.html
- https://www.youngbhartiya.com/article/american-theocracy-the-myth-of-separation-of-church-and-state
- https://www.pewforum.org/2011/11/21/lobbying-for-the-faithful-exec/
- https://harvardilj.org/2008/10/online_49_hirschl/
- https://www.beliefnet.com/columnists/lordre/2015/10/theocracy-is-not-necessarily-bad.html